(Updated)
1. When are seed trees felled?
✔️ Answer: In the final or removal felling stage/ after successful natural regeneration.
Description: Seed trees are felled after the successful natural regeneration of the forest to ensure the new generation of trees can thrive.
2. What is the branch of forestry dealing with harvesting, disposal, and use of forest produce?
✔️ Answer: Forest Utilization.
Description: Forest Utilization focuses on the sustainable harvesting and use of forest resources, including timber and non-timber products.
3. What are the aims of forest management?
✔️ Answer: All of the above (Water reservation, soil preservation, species preservation).
Description: Forest management aims to maintain a balance of ecosystem functions like water preservation, soil health, and species conservation.
4. When is a stand considered uneven-aged?
✔️ Answer: When the age difference between trees is >20% of the desired rotation age.
Description: A stand is uneven-aged when there is a significant variation in tree ages, greater than 20% of the desired rotation age.
5. What is the value derived from knowing others are using the resource in this generation?
✔️ Answer: Altruistic Value.
Description: Altruistic value refers to the benefit derived from knowing that resources are being used responsibly for the greater good.
6. What is the process of clearing old crops in a single felling called?
✔️ Answer: Clear Cutting.
Description: Clear cutting is the practice of removing all trees in a particular area in a single operation, often to regenerate a new crop.
7. In even-aged stands, how much can tree ages vary?
✔️ Answer: Less than 20 years.
Description: In even-aged stands, trees are managed so that their ages don't vary more than 20 years, maintaining uniformity in growth.
8. According to plants, what kind of element is Chlorine?
✔️ Answer: Micronutrient.
Description: Chlorine is classified as a micronutrient in plants, which is necessary in small quantities for their growth and development.
9. Number-diameter curve for selection is usually shaped as:
✔️ Answer: Inverse J-shaped.
Description: The inverse J-shaped curve represents a typical distribution of tree diameters in an uneven-aged forest, where smaller trees dominate.
10. Objectives of Forest Management include:
✔️ Answer: All of the above.
Description: Forest management encompasses multiple objectives, including conservation of water, soil, and species, as well as ensuring sustainable resource use.
11. Seed trees are removed during:
✔️ Answer: Final felling.
Description: Seed trees are typically removed in the final felling phase, allowing natural regeneration to establish.
12. Characteristics of climax vegetation include:
✔️ Answer: All of the above.
Description: Climax vegetation represents a stable ecosystem in its final, mature state, characterized by specific plant species that have adapted to the local environment.
13. Chestnut grows in what type of forest?
✔️ Answer: Dry and deciduous.
Description: Chestnut trees thrive in dry, deciduous forests where the climate is suitable for their growth.
14. Who proposed the grouping system for forest types?
✔️ Answer: Gayer.
Description: The grouping system for forest types was proposed by Gayer, providing a classification for different forest ecosystems.
15. A pine tree produces fruits for animals — this species is:
✔️ Answer: Keystone species.
Description: A keystone species plays a crucial role in maintaining the structure and functioning of its ecosystem, such as providing food or habitat for other species.
16. Mangrove trees are found in which type of forest?
✔️ Answer: Swampy forest.
Description: Mangrove trees thrive in coastal, swampy forests, providing vital habitat for wildlife and protecting shorelines from erosion.
17. Soil quality and formation depends upon what conditions?
✔️ Answer: Climate, parent material, topography, biological activity, and time.
Description: The formation and quality of soil are influenced by various factors, including climate, parent material, and biological processes.
18. Chestnut species belong to which forest type?
✔️ Answer: Temperate deciduous forest. or Moist decidious forest.
Description: Chestnut trees are commonly found in temperate deciduous forests, which experience four distinct seasons and have rich biodiversity.
19. Which tree does not perform biological nitrogen fixation?
✔️ Answer: Chestnut.
Description: Chestnut trees do not have the ability to fix nitrogen biologically, unlike certain legumes.
20. What is the standard breast height (DBH) used for tree measurement in Tokyo, Korea, and globally?
✔️ Answer: 1.3 meters (130 cm).
Description: DBH (Diameter at Breast Height) is typically measured at 1.3 meters from the ground in many countries for consistency in tree measurements.
21. Firewood is considered as:
✔️ Answer: Direct and consumptive use.
Description: Firewood is a consumptive resource, used directly by humans for heating and cooking purposes.
22. Who introduced the group selection system in forestry?
✔️ Answer: Karl Gayer.
Description: Karl Gayer introduced the group selection system in forestry, which involves harvesting trees in small groups to promote regeneration.
23. What is the rotation period for PB-II category forests?
✔️ Answer: 60–90 years.
Description: The rotation period for PB-II category forests typically ranges from 60 to 90 years, depending on the type of trees and forest management practices.
24. In uneven-aged forests, what should be the maximum percentage of trees in each age class?
✔️ Answer: Less than 20%.
Description: In uneven-aged forests, the number of trees in each age class should be well balanced, with no class exceeding 20% of the total.
25. The 'inverse J' diameter distribution curve is used in which forest type?
✔️ Answer: Uneven-aged forest.
Description: The inverse J curve reflects a healthy distribution of tree sizes in uneven-aged forests, where many small trees exist and fewer large trees.
26. What type of ecosystem is most likely to have a high rate of nitrogen fixation?
✔️ Answer: Tropical Rainforests.
Description: Tropical rainforests, due to their biodiversity and abundance of nitrogen-fixing species, often have a high rate of nitrogen fixation.
27. Tending is done on?
✔️ Answer: A and B (Crop and Other competing vegetation)
Description: Tending involves various silvicultural operations aimed at improving the growth of young forest crops by removing or controlling competing vegetation and providing necessary care to the crops.
28. Catchment areas are best suited for:
✔️ Answer: Selection system.
Description: The uniform shelterwood system is ideal for catchment areas, where the objective is to maintain a consistent canopy cover while regenerating the forest.
29. Choice of spacing is dependent upon:
✔️ Answer: All of these (Objective of plantation, Site-specific matching, Growth rate).
Description: Spacing in plantations is determined by several factors, including the plantation's objective, the site conditions, and the growth rate of the trees.
30. The fig tree would be a good example of:
✔️ Answer: Keystone species.
Description: The fig tree is a keystone species, providing essential food and habitat for a variety of animals in its ecosystem.
31. Biotic nature example:
✔️ Answer: Veins.
Description: Veins are part of living organisms and represent biotic components of nature.
32. Education and research are counted in:
✔️ Answer: d) direct, non-consumptive.
Description: These are ecosystem services that do not involve physical consumption and are categorized under direct, non-consumptive uses.
33. Plots as topographical units are used in:
✔️ Answer: Hills.
Description: In hilly terrains, topographical units or plots are used for mapping and management because of the varying elevation and slope, which affect vegetation, drainage, and soil properties.
34. Biological fixation is not done by:
✔️ Answer: Escherichia.
Description: Escherichia (E. coli) is not involved in nitrogen fixation. It’s a common gut bacterium, unlike Anabaena and Rhizobium which are nitrogen-fixing.
35. Which of the forest type is not found in India?
✔️ Answer: Mediterranean moist.
Description: India doesn't have Mediterranean forests; even though "dry" wasn't an option, "moist" also isn't native here.
36. Planting and the final felling between planned years are called as the
✔️ Answer: rotation period.
Description: The rotation period is the planned number of years between the planting of a forest stand and its final cutting.
37. Characteristic of climax community:
✔️ Answer: Well-formed spacial structure.
Description: A climax community is relatively stable, self-perpetuating, and in equilibrium with the environment.
38. Which of the following doesn’t perform biological fixation?
✔️ Answer: Escherichia.
Description: Escherichia is not capable of nitrogen fixation, unlike Anabaena and Rhizobium which are.
39. Which of these has the highest organic matter content?
✔️ Answer: Peaty soil.
Description: Peaty soils are rich in organic material, often formed in waterlogged areas.
40. Which of these is not a non-use value?
✔️ Answer: Direct value.
Description: Direct value refers to actual use (like timber, food), while the rest are non-use values representing indirect or potential benefits.
41. Which of these is an abiotic factor?
✔️ Answer: Water.
Description: Abiotic factors are non-living elements of the environment. Water is abiotic, while vines, trees, and reptiles are biotic.
Based on previous year additional questions.